中国环境污染问题用英语回答

Pollution Sources and causes

Air pollution comes from both natural and man made sources. Though globally man made pollutants from combustion, construction, mining, agriculture and warfare are increasingly significant in the air pollution equation.

Motor vehicle emissions are one of the leading causes of air pollution. China, United States, Russia, Mexico, and Japan are the world leaders in air pollution emissions. Principal stationary pollution sources include chemical plants, coal-fired power plants, oil refineries, petrochemical plants, nuclear waste disposal activity, incinerators, large livestock farms (dairy cows, pigs, poultry, etc.), PVC factories, metals production factories, plastics factories, and other heavy industry. Agricultural air pollution comes from contemporary practices which include clear felling and burning of natural vegetation as well as spraying of pesticides and herbicides

About 400 million metric tons of hazardous wastes are generated each year. The United States alone produces about 250 million metric tons. Americans constitute less than 5% of the world's population, but produce roughly 25% of the world’s CO2, and generate approximately 30% of world’s waste. In 2019, China has overtaken the United States as the world's biggest producer of CO2

净化源和缘由

空气净化来自于自然和人为来源。虽然从全球天然熄灭，修建，采矿，农业和和平净化物空气净化日益方程显着。

机动车排放是形成空气净化的次要缘由之一。中国，美国，俄罗斯，墨西哥和日本是世界上空气净化排放的指导人。固定净化源次要包括化学工厂，燃煤电厂，炼油厂，石化厂，核废物处置活动，燃烧炉，大家畜养殖场（奶牛，猪，家禽等），聚氯乙烯厂，金属消费厂，塑料工厂等重工业。空气净化来自农业，其中包括明白的砍伐和自然植被熄灭以及喷洒农药和除草剂的当代实际操作

约400万公吨的风险废物每年发生。仅美国消费约250万公吨。美国人占不到5％的世界人口，但发生大约25世界的二氧化碳％，并发生约30世界的糜费％。 2019年，中国曾经超越美国成为世界上最大的二氧化碳消费国美国

英文俺不会（不过thank you 、yes、no、爱老虎油还是略懂(*^__^*) 嘻嘻）！不过中国环境净化的成绩想要改观那是相当难的，就像国足打进世界杯四强一样！由于中国的体制决议了这个成绩，想要改动除非树立新的管理体制，把管理权收到地方，最最少到省，不然都没用！由于如今都归中央管辖，而中央指导为了追求政绩，自觉的招商引资、降低高净化行业的门槛......招致生态环境越来越差、招致我们儿孙当前呼吸的空气越来越混浊o(︶︿︶)o 悲痛啊

Environmental Pollution

Write a passage with the words and phrases given:

the problem of pollution, cause, artificial substances, release, waste products, industrial production, consumption of goods, bring it under control, agriculture, chemical substancea.

Environmental Pollution

I read a piece of news recently. It says that in Japan marly businessmen ave selling fresh air to customers.and now it is becoming more and more popular. Why? --Fresh air is getting less and less in Japan, and so is it in the U. S. A.

In fact, environmental pollution is a very serious problem the whole world is facing.

it is mainly caused by the waste products released from artificial substances, industrial

production and increased consumption of goods. Bedsides, the use of chemical substances

in agriculture also causes environmental pollution. Look at the sky, you can see that dense smoke is being released from the high and big chimneys; those dirty and poisonous substances are flowing into the rivers that we use for drinking water and millions of tons of waste products are heaping around us.

How to change this condition? More and more countries are trying to work out some effective means to bring it under control, but no great success has been made.

环境净化

最近我读了一则音讯说在日本，许多商人向顾客出售新颖空气，如今这种状况越演越烈。为什么呢? 由于在日本新颖空气越来越少，在美国也是如此。

现实上，环境净化是整个世界正在面临的一个严重成绩。这次要是由于天然物质，工业消费进程中所发生的废料以及消费商品的增长形成的。另外，在农业中运用化学物品也形成了环境净化。看看天空，你可以看到浓烟从矮小的烟囱中释放出来，这些脏而有毒的物质流入我们赖以饮水的河流，数百万吨废物正堆积在我们四周。

怎样改动这种情况呢？越来越多的国度正在试图拟定出一些无效措施控制环境净化，但至今成效不大。

中国的环境维护成绩（英汉对照） 一、施行可继续开展战略的选择中国古代化建立是在人口基数大，人均资源少，经济开展和迷信技术程度都比拟落后的要求下停止的。70年代以来，随着中国人口的增长、经济的开展和人民消费程度的不时进步，使原本就曾经充足的资源和软弱的环境面临着越来越大的压力。选择一条什么样的开展路途，历史地成为与当代中国人民及其子孙后代生活毫不相关的严重成绩。 China's modernization drive has been launched in the following conditions: The country has a large population base, its per-capita average of natural resources is low, and its economic development as well as scientific and technological level remain quite backward. Along with the growth of China's population, the development of the economy and the continuous improvement of the people's consumption level since the 1970s, the pressure on resources, which were already in rather short supply, and on the fragile environment has become greater and greater. Which road of development to choose has turned out, historically, to be an issue of paramount importance to the survival of the Chinese people as well as their posterity.

中国政府非常注重因人口增长和经济开展而呈现的环境成绩，把维护环境作为进步人民生死水平和生活质量的一个重要方面。为了促进经济、社会与环境的协调开展，中国在80年代制定并施行了一系列维护环境的方针、政策、法律和措施。The Chinese government has paid great attention to the environmental issues arising from the country's population growth and economic development, and has made protecting the environment an important aspect of the improvement of the people's living standards and quality of life. In order to promote coordinated development between the economy, the society and the environment, China enacted and implemented a series of principles, policies, laws and measures for environmental protection in the 1980s.

——确立环境维护为中国的一项根本国策。防治环境净化和生态毁坏以及合理开发应用自然资源关系到国度的全局利益和久远开展，中国政府坚持不懈地贯彻执行环境维护这项根本国策。-- Making environmental protection one of China's basic national policies. The prevention and control of environmental pollution and ecological destruction and the rational exploitation and utilization of natural resources are of vital importance to the country's overall interests and long-term development. The Chinese government is unswervingly carrying out the basic national policy of environmental protection. ——制定经济建立、城乡建立和环境建立同步规划、同步施行、同步开展，完成经济效益、社会效益、环境效益相一致的指点方针，实行“预防为主，防治结合”、“谁净化，谁管理”和“强化环境管理”三大政策。-- Formulating the guiding principles of simultaneous planning, simultaneous implementation and simultaneous development for economic construction, urban and rural construction and environmental construction, and combining the economic returns with social effects and environmental benefits; and carrying out the three major policies of ``prevention first and combining prevention with control,'' ``making the causer of pollution responsible for treating it'' and ``intensifying environmental management.'' ——公布施行环境维护的法律法规，把环境维护树立在法制的根底上，不时完善环境法律体系，严厉执法顺序，加大执法力度，保证环境法律法规的无效施行。-- Promulgating and putting into effect laws and regulations regarding environmental protection and placing environmental protection on a legal footing, continuously improving the statutes concerning the environment, formulating strict law-enforcement procedures and increasing the intensity of law enforcement so as to ensure the effective implementation of the environmental laws and regulations. ——坚持环境维护归入国民经济和社会开展方案，施行国度指点下的微观调控与管理，逐渐添加对环境维护的投入，使环境维护与各项建立事业统筹统筹，协调开展。-- Persisting in incorporating environmental protection into the plans for national economic and social development, introducing to it macro regulation and management under state guidance, and gradually increasing environmental protection input so as to give simultaneous consideration to environmental protection and other undertakings and ensure their coordinated development. ——树立健全各级政府的环境维护机构，构成比拟完善的环境管理体制，充沛发扬环境监视管理的作用。-- Establishing and improving environmental protection organizations under governments at all levels, forming a rather complete environmental control system, and bringing into full play the governments' role in environmental supervision and administration. ——减速环境迷信技术的提高。增强根底实际研讨，组织科技攻关，开发和推行防治环境净化的适用技术，培植环境维护产业的开展，初步构成了环境维护科研体系。-- Accelerating progress in environmental science and technology. Strengthening research into basic theories, organizing the tackling of key scientific and technological problems, developing and popularizing prac"itical technology for environmental pollution prevention and control, fostering the growth of environmental protection industries, and giving initial shape to an environmental protection scientific research system. ——展开环境宣传教育，进步全民族的环境认识。普遍停止环境宣传，逐渐普及中小学环境教育，开展环境维护退职教育和专业教育，培育环境迷信技术和管理方面的专门人才。-- Carrying out environmental publicity and education to enhance the whole nation's awareness of the environment. Widely conducting environmental publicity work, gradually popularizing environmental education in secondary and primary schools, developing on-the-job education in environ"imen tal protection and vocational education, and training specialized personnel in environmental science and technology as well as environmental administration. ——推进环境维护范畴的国际协作。积极开展同世界各国和国际组织在环境与开展方面的交流与协作，仔细实行国际环境条约，努力发扬中国在国际环境事务中的作用。-- Promoting international cooperation in the field of environmental protection. Actively expanding exchanges and cooperation concerning the environment and development with other countries and international organizations, earnestly implementing international environmental conventions, and seeking scope for China's role in global environmental affairs. 进入90年代，国际社会与世界各国在探究处理环境与开展成绩的路途上迈出了重要一步。1992年6月，结合国环境与开展大会把可继续开展作为将来共同的开展战略，失掉了与会各国政府的普遍赞同。Since the beginning of the 1990s the international community and various countries have made an important step forward in exploring solutions to problems of the environment and development. The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in June 1992, made sustainable development the strategy for common development in the future, and this won wide acclaim from the governments of all countries represented at the conference. 1992年8月，结合国环境与开展大会之后，中国政府提出了中国环境与开展应采取的十大对策，明白指出走可继续开展路途是当代中国以及将来的必定选择。In August 1992, shortly after that conference, the Chinese government put forward ten major measures China was to adopt to enhance its environment and development, clearly pointing out that the road of sustainable development was a logical choice for China now and in the future. 1994年3月，中国政府同意发布了《中国21世纪议程 ——?中国21世纪人口、环境与开展白皮书》，从人口、环境与开展的详细国情动身，提出了中国可继续开展的总体战略、对策以及举动方案。有关部门和中央也辨别制定了施行可继续开展战略的举动方案。In March 1994 the Chinese government approved and promulgated China's Agenda 21 -- White Paper on China's Population, Environment, and Development in the 21st Century. This document, proceeding from the country's specific national conditions in these three respects, put forward China's overall strategy, measures and program of action for sustainable development. The various departments and localities also worked out their respective plans of action to implement the strategy for sustainable development. 1996年3月，第八届全国人民代表大会第四次会议审议经过的《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会开展“九五”方案和2019年近景目的大纲》，把施行可继续开展作为古代化建立的一项严重战略，使可继续开展战略在中国经济建立和社会开展进程中得以施行。

At its Fourth Session in March 1996 China's Eighth National People's Congress examined and adopted the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the People's Republic of China for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of the Long-Term Target for the Year 2019. Both the Plan and Outline take sustainable development as an important strategy for modernization, thus making it possible for the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development in the course of China's economic construction and social development.

The environment is everything around us,for example,air,water,animals,plants,buildings and so on.They all affect us in many ways and closely related to our lives.People can't live without the environment. Everybody needs to breathe air,drink water and eat food every day.We burn coal to keep warm,and we use wood to make paper.As a result,we become the part of the environment. The environment has been getting wores and wores for many years.We have been upgrading our living standard, meanwhile the environment has been polluted.Somke form factory chimneys pollutesthe air.Machines and engines make noises that annoy us constantly.Animals are homeless because the forcests are decreasing every minute.Streets are crowded with people and vehicles.The environment painful for us to live in it now.So it's time to solve those problems. Fortunately,it isn't too late to correct our mistake.People are coming to realiza the importance of the environment.We have begun to try our best to improve it.Laws are being made dealing with air, water and noise pollution.The river be bright,the sky will be clear,the flowers will be beautiful,and the sunbeam will be dazzling and pretty.We believe that we wil be able to save our environment and live in a better world

环境围绕我们身边例如空气、水、植物、修建等。它们从各个方面影响着我们的生活与我们的生活亲密相关人们分开环境就无法生活。每人每天都要呼吸、喝水和吃东西。我们少煤取暖、用木材造纸。后果我们也成为环境的一局部。 更多年以来环境日益好转。我们在进步生死水平的同时也在招致环境净化。从工厂烟囱里冒出来的烟净化空气机器和引擎常常收回恼人的乐音。由于森林每分钟都在增加使植物们无家可归。街道上挤满了人和车辆。环境在我们的生活中是最重要的但是如今它曾经让人们厌恶。所以该是处理这些成绩的时分了。 侥幸的是如今矫正错误还不晚。人们认识到环境的重要性。我们曾经开始尽力改善环境。法律也开始触及到空气、水和乐音等成绩。未来河流会更明澈天空会更阴沉花朵会更艳丽阳光会更绚烂、更暖和。维护环境会使我们生活在一个愈加美妙的世界中。

Topic: We are now living in a throw-away society. What causes the problem? Make some recommendations. Sample Answer: With the rapid development of society, mankind has entered a throw-away society. We can find metal tins, plastic bags and all kinds of packages thrown away everywhere. There are a growing number of people who begin to realize the seriousness of this issue. In this article, I will discuss the causes for the phenomenon and provide some possible solution to it. There are some causes for this issue. Firstly, with the scientific and technological development, new products debut on the market every day. Some people will throw away the old products like TV, computers, washing machines and some other electric appliances and purchase new ones. As a result, the thrown-away products will cause serious pollution to the environment. Secondly, people in the current society lack adequate awareness of environment protection. In order to provide customers with convenience, some producers and enterprises use convenient plastic packaging materials, which can be thrown away immediately after use. However, it arouses serious environment problem. Most of the packaging materials cannot be degraded, so that it can lead to “white pollution”. Finally, there are no relevant laws and regulation issued by the government to give people restrictions. And further, the facilities to deal with rubbish are inadequate. In order to solve the present serious situation, people think up various suggestions. In my opinion, the following are feasible and practical. Firstly, we have to raise people’s awareness of environment protection. We should encourage the producer and enterprises to use environment friendly materials, such as paper and other degradable materials. Meanwhile, we should educate people and help them form the habit of rubbish classification. For example, we can put plastic bags, tins into recyclable dustbin and other rubbish into non-recyclable ones. Finally, the government should pay more attention to establishment of relevant laws and regulations, which can be used to standardize people’s behavior.

参考译文： 随着社会的迅猛开展，人类进入丢弃型社会。我们可以看到易拉罐、塑料袋和各种包裹被随意地扔在周围。如今有越来越多的人认识到这个成绩的严重性。在这篇文章中，我将讨论形成这一景象的缘由，并提出一些处理成绩的方案。 形成这个成绩次要有以下几点缘由。首先，随着迷信技术的开展，新产品每天都在市场上亮相。一些人将会丢弃他们旧的产品，比方电视、电脑、洗衣机和其他的电子设备，并去购置新产品。后果就是，被丢弃的产品形成严重的环境净化。 其次，以后社会的人们短少环保认识，为了向消费者提供便当，一些消费商和企业运用便当的塑料袋包装原料，用后即可扔掉。可是，这将惹起严重的环境净化。大局部包装原料不能被降解，于是招致了“白色净化”。 最初，政府没有相关的法律规则去约束人们的行为。此外，复杂的处置渣滓也是不适当的。 为理解决目前的严重成绩，人们想出了各种各样的建议。我以为，以下建议是可实行且适用的。首先，我们必需加强人们的环保认识。我们应该鼓舞消费商和企业运用环保的原料。同时，我们应该教给并且协助人们构成渣滓分类的习气。例如，我们可以把塑料袋扔进可循环应用渣滓以及把其他渣滓扔进不可循环应用渣滓外面去。最初，政府应该投入更多的精神去制定相关法律法规，使人们的行为愈加契合规范。