循规蹈矩：discipline的意思和用法讲解

I've met a lot of talented people over the years. How many of them made it professionally without discipline, commitment and really good work ethic? I can tell you. I can count it on two fingers.

——Boyhood

这些年，我见过很多有天赋的人，你认为他们之中有多少人能够在不自律，没有决心和职业道德的情况下成为专业人士？我可以告诉你，我两个手指头就能数完了

——《少年时代》 

一、你知道discipline有几种含义吗？

n.

1.纪律 [U] the practice of training people to obey rules and orders and punishing them if they do not; the controlled behaviour or situation that results from this training

She was a harsh mother and imposed severe discipline on her children.

她是位严厉的母亲，用严格的纪律管束自己的孩子。

2.训练 [C] a method of training your mind or body or of controlling your behaviour; an area of activity where this is necessary

Strict discipline is imposed on army recruits.

新兵受到严格的训练。

3.处罚 [U] penalty

Wouldn't this form of discipline be considered a code red?

这种形式的处罚可以认为是属于“红色条规”吗？

4.学科 [C] an area of knowledge; a subject that people study or are taught, especially in a university

Dynamics is a discipline that cannot be mastered without extensive practice.

动力学是一门不做大量习题就不能掌握的学科。

v.

1.训练，训导，使有纪律，使有条理 [T] to train sb, especially a child, to obey particular rules and control the way they behave

Parents have to discipline their children.

做父母的必须管教自己的子女。

2.处罚，惩戒 [T] to punish sb for sth they have done

The teacher discipline the class by giiving them extra homework.

那教师布置额外的家庭作业来处罚学生 。

二、词义辨析：有哪些词汇能表示“训练”的意思

drill, exercise, practice, training, discipline

这些名词都有“练习、训练、锻炼”之意。

drill侧重进行有系统的，严格和重复的练习。

exercise主要指为强壮体魄而进行的锻炼，也可指进行练习以保持已经获得的技巧。

practice指把所学的理论或知识用于实践以获得技艺与技巧。

training普通用词，泛指为从事某种职业而进行的身体或智力方面的训练。

discipline既可指训练又可指为达到某种熟练程度而进行的约束。

三、最后，做个填词游戏吧

Yoga is a good __________ for learning to relax.
瑜伽是一种学习放松的有效训练。